Talking about reproductive health is still often considered a taboo topic. However, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are real medical conditions that can affect anyone, and many occur without any obvious symptoms at first.
Unfortunately, many people only realize they have an infection when symptoms are severe or complications develop. However, if treated early, STIs can be treated and the spread prevented.
What is a Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI)?
STIs are infections transmitted through sexual contact, whether vaginal, anal, or oral. Some common STIs include:
- Chlamydia
- Gonorrhea (pus in urine)
- Trichomoniasis
- Genital herpes
- HPV ( Human Papillomavirus )
- Syphilis
- HIV/AIDS
Why are STIs Dangerous if They Have No Symptoms?
Some STIs, such as syphilis infections, can spread and cause complications without causing symptoms or without the patient being aware of them while they are still in the early stages.
If left untreated, STIs can cause:
- Infertility (sterility)
- Inflammation of the reproductive organs
- Pregnancy complications
- Increases the risk of HIV transmission
- Disorders of other organs such as the brain, heart and eyes (especially syphilis)
These Are Common Signs of STIs, When Should We Be Suspicious?
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) often have no symptoms in the early stages, so many people don't realize they've been infected. However, there are several signs that can be warning signs. Recognizing common STI symptoms as early as possible is crucial to prevent more serious complications and stop the spread of infection.
Some common signs of STIs to watch out for include:
- Vaginal discharge or abnormal fluid from the intimate organs
- Pain or burning when urinating
- Sores, lumps, or rashes in the genital area
- Severe itching in the genital area
- Pain during intercourse
- Swollen glands in the groin
If you experience any of the above symptoms, immediately consult a dermatologist, venereologist, or aesthetician.
Steps to Prevent STIs That Can Be Taken
Things you can do to prevent sexually transmitted infections:
- Abstinence (not having sexual relations before marriage).
- Be faithful (loyal to your partner, don't change sexual partners).
- Use protection (condoms) during risky sexual intercourse.
- Get screened for STIs regularly, especially if you are sexually active.
- Increase knowledge about the risks and prevention of STIs, for yourself and your partner.
- See a doctor immediately if you experience suspicious symptoms.
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are not something to hide or feel ashamed of. They are common medical conditions that can affect anyone, regardless of age, gender, or relationship status. Don't wait for symptoms to become severe before seeking help. Early detection and treatment are the best way to maintain reproductive health and prevent further complications.
This article was written by Dr. Andina Bulan Sari, Sp.DVE, FINSDV, FAADV (Specialist in Dermatology, Venereology, EMC Pekayon Hospital).