Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders, yet it remains frequently misunderstood. This disease is characterized by excessive electrical activity in the brain, leading to recurrent seizures. While it may sound frightening, epilepsy is not contagious, and many people with it can lead normal lives with proper treatment.
What is Epilepsy?
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent seizures that are not triggered by high fever or other external causes. Seizures can manifest in various forms, ranging from loss of consciousness, uncontrolled movements, blank stares, to severe shaking of the entire body.
Triggers for Epilepsy You Should Know
The causes of epilepsy can vary, including:
- Head injury
- Central nervous system infection
- Genetic or structural brain disorders
- Stroke
- Brain tumor
- Unknown cause (idiopathic)
Epilepsy Symptoms to Watch Out For
Symptoms of epilepsy vary greatly depending on the type of seizure and the part of the brain affected. Some common signs to look for include:
- Sudden seizure, with or without loss of consciousness
- Blank stare for a few seconds
- Uncontrolled muscle movements (especially in the hands and feet)
- Confusion for a moment after the seizure
- Sudden loss of consciousness
- Strange sensations such as smelling odors that aren't there or feeling afraid for no reason
If someone experiences more than one seizure without a clear trigger, it is important to immediately consult a neurologist.
How to Treat Epilepsy Medically
Epilepsy treatment aims to control seizures, improve the patient's quality of life, and reduce the risk of complications. A neurologist will perform a comprehensive examination, including:
- EEG (electroencephalography) to monitor the brain's electrical activity
- MRI or CT scan of the brain
Once a diagnosis is made, the doctor will prescribe appropriate anti-seizure (antiepileptic) medication. Most epilepsy patients can live a normal life if they take their medication regularly and follow their doctor's recommendations. In some cases, other treatments such as a ketogenic diet, therapy, or neurosurgery may be options.
Supporting Epilepsy Sufferers with Education
Many people still don't understand this condition. Some people with epilepsy even face social stigma that prevents them from seeking medical help.
With proper education, we can change this perception. Epilepsy is not a curse, not a mental disorder, and not the end of everything.
Consult a Neurologist Immediately
If you or someone close to you exhibits symptoms of epilepsy, don't wait until seizures become more frequent. Consult a neurologist at EMC Pekayon Hospital immediately for a proper diagnosis and treatment.
Epilepsy can be controlled. A quality life can still be achieved. Don't hesitate to seek help.
Article written by Dr. Irene Halim Subrata, Sp.N (Neurology Specialist, EMC Cikarang & Pekayon Hospital).