Indonesia is one of the countries where many people suffer from diabetes. The habit of consuming rice three times a day, the pleasure of enjoying sweet snacks or drinks, and the habit of being lazy to move often triggers the emergence of diabetes.
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic autoimmune disease caused by impaired blood sugar regulation. That is why diabetes is often referred to as diabetes or diabetes.
The cause of diabetes is high sugar intake which causes blood sugar levels to soar high. Diabetes is also caused by the pancreas organ that does not function properly. The inability of the pancreas to produce insulin or the insulin produced is not enough to convert glucose into energy makes glucose accumulate in the blood. The specific causes of diabetes actually vary, depending on each type. Therefore, it helps us to recognize the following types of diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder that causes the immune system to attack and destroy the cells that produce the hormone insulin. It also makes the pancreas unable to produce the hormone insulin. As a result, the body lacks insulin so that blood sugar levels increase.
For the treatment of type 1 diabetes can be done in several ways as follows:
- Administration of insulin to control blood glucose. Giving insulin is done by injecting it into the layer under the skin with a frequency of about 3-4 times a day according to the doctor's recommended dose.
- Have a healthy diet and regular exercise to control blood sugar levels
- Take care of your feet and check your eyes regularly to prevent further complications
Type 2 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes. Unlike type 1 diabetes, the pancreas of type 2 sufferers still produces insulin, but the amount is not sufficient.
Being overweight can be the main trigger for this disease, but not all type 2 diabetes mellitus patients are overweight. A combination of genetic and environmental factors play a role in triggering the occurrence of this diabetes. For the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus can be done through the adoption of a healthy lifestyle, such as:
- Avoid sweet foods with high glucose levels
- Avoid high fat foods
- Eat more fibrous foods
- Exercise regularly, at least 3 hours a week
- Avoid consumption of cigarettes and alcohol
- Keep your feet healthy so you don't get hurt
- Check eye health regularly
In addition to a healthy lifestyle, administering medication on the doctor's instructions is also necessary. Insulin therapy is also commonly given as a companion to drugs.
Gestational diabetes
Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that only occurs in pregnant women. If not treated immediately, this disease can cause problems for the mother and the baby she is carrying. If handled properly and quickly, this condition usually recovers completely after delivery.
Diabetes insipidus
Diabetes insipidus is a condition caused by the inability of the kidneys to store water. This type of diabetes is rare. This disease is usually caused by a genetic syndrome, infection, surgery, side effects of drugs, or nutritional deficiencies.
In general, a person is often not aware of having diabetes mellitus until their blood sugar has already soared, causing a variety of severe symptoms. Therefore, you should check your blood sugar levels regularly, and don't delay consulting a doctor immediately if you have high blood sugar levels. #LiveExcellently