Asthma in adults can flare up suddenly and cause uncomfortable and disturbing symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest tightness, coughing, and wheezing.
An asthma attack that isn't treated quickly and appropriately can become a dangerous emergency. Therefore, it's important to know the proper first aid steps.
Recognize the Symptoms of an Asthma Attack
Some early signs to watch out for:
- Shortness of breath or shortness of breath
- Noisy breathing (wheezing)
- The chest feels pressured or heavy
- Persistent cough, especially at night or early morning
- Difficulty speaking due to shortness of breath
First Aid Steps During an Asthma Attack
1. Stay Calm and Position Yourself
Try to stay calm, as panic can worsen shortness of breath. Sit up straight or lean forward slightly to help you breathe more easily.
2. Use a reliever inhaler
Immediately use an inhaler containing a fast-acting bronchodilator (such as salbutamol ) as directed by your doctor. This medication helps widen the airways quickly.
3. Regulate your breathing
Inhale slowly through your nose and exhale slowly through your mouth. This is a breathing control technique that can reduce feelings of shortness of breath.
4. Avoid Triggers for Shortness of Breath
Avoid triggers for shortness of breath such as cigarette smoke, dust, cold air, or strong odors or other triggers that are personal to each person if possible.
5. Repeat use of the inhaler if necessary
If symptoms do not improve, use of the inhaler can be repeated according to the dose recommended by the doctor.
When Should You Go to the Hospital Immediately?
Seek immediate medical attention if:
- Shortness of breath does not improve after using an inhaler
- Difficulty speaking or walking due to shortness of breath
- Lips or fingertips appear bluish
- Breathing is very fast or feels increasingly heavy
- The attack felt worse than usual
Tips to Prevent Relapse
- Use control medication according to the doctor's prescription regularly.
- Recognize and avoid personal triggers
- Regular check-ups with the doctor
- Keep your inhaler within easy reach.
- Maintain a healthy lifestyle and physical fitness
Prompt and appropriate first aid during an asthma attack is crucial to prevent the condition from becoming more serious. By understanding these basic steps, asthma sufferers can control their symptoms and maintain a good quality of life.
If you or your family has a history of asthma, don't delay consulting a doctor. Proper treatment and good education can help you live a more comfortable and safe life.
Article written by Dr. Herman, Sp.P, FISR (Pulmonary and Respiratory Specialist Doctor, EMC Sentul Hospital).