Parents naturally worry if their child frequently gets sick, such as easily developing fevers, recurring coughs and colds, or appearing tired quickly. These conditions are often linked to a child's immune system.
What is a child's immune system?
The immune system is the body's defense mechanism against disease-causing germs such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites. In children, the immune system is not as strong as in adults because it is still maturing.
That is why children are more susceptible to illness, especially when they start school or frequently interact with new environments.
Reasons Why Children Often Get Sick
Some factors that can affect a child's immune system include:
- Unbalanced diet
- Lack of sleep or poor quality sleep
- Exposure to infection from the school environment or playground
- Poor hand and environmental hygiene
- Stress or fatigue in children
Pediatricians emphasize that children who are frequently ill do not necessarily have serious immune disorders, but still need to be evaluated.
Signs of a Child's Immune System That Need to be Noted
Parents need to be more alert if their child experiences:
- Recurrent pain with very frequent frequency
- Long healing process
- Difficulty gaining weight
- The child looks weak and less active.
- Severe or unusual infection
If these signs appear, consultation with a pediatrician is highly recommended.
The Role of Nutrition in Maintaining Children's Immunity
Nutritional intake plays a vital role in supporting the immune system. Pediatricians recommend:
- Balanced nutritional food
- Protein from animals and plants
- Vegetables and fruit are rich in vitamins and minerals
- Enough fluids every day
Supplements should be given according to doctor's recommendations and should not replace main meals.
The Importance of Immunization and a Healthy Lifestyle
Immunizations help protect children from dangerous infectious diseases. Furthermore, healthy lifestyle habits also play a significant role in boosting immunity, such as:
- Get enough sleep according to your age
- Physical activity and outdoor play
- Wash your hands regularly
- Clean and healthy home environment
When Should You See a Pediatrician?
Immediately consult a pediatrician if your child:
- Frequent illness that interferes with growth and development
- Experiencing repeated high fevers
- No appetite for a long time
- Experience weight loss
Early examination helps determine whether the child is only experiencing a temporary decrease in immunity or requires further treatment.
Frequent illness in children doesn't always indicate a serious problem, but it can be a sign that their immune system needs strengthening. With a balanced diet, complete immunizations, adequate rest, and regular monitoring by a pediatrician, your little one's immune system can be well-maintained, ensuring optimal growth and development.
This article was written by Dr. Ackni Hartati, Sp.A, M.Kes (Pediatrician at EMC Pekayon Hospital).