Asymmetrical posture is often mistaken for poor sitting or standing habits. For example, one shoulder may appear higher, the waist may appear misaligned, or the spine may appear crooked. However, these conditions can be signs of scoliosis, a spinal deformity that can affect both children and adults.
Scoliosis is a condition in which the spine curves sideways in a C- or S -shape . In some people, the curvature is mild and causes no symptoms. However, in some cases, scoliosis can worsen, affecting posture, causing pain, and even disrupting organ function if not properly treated.
What Causes Scoliosis?
The causes of scoliosis can vary from person to person, depending on age and underlying conditions. The most common type is idiopathic scoliosis , which has an unknown cause and typically occurs in children and adolescents during growth.
In addition, scoliosis can also be caused by:
- Congenital scoliosis is a deformity of the spine present from birth.
- Nerve or muscle disorders, such as cerebral palsy or muscular dystrophy.
- Degenerative changes due to the aging process, calcification of the joints, or osteoporosis in adults.
Scoliosis Symptoms to Watch Out For
In the early stages, scoliosis often does not cause pain so it goes unnoticed. Some signs that can be recognized include:
- One shoulder is higher than the other.
- The waist or pelvis appears misaligned.
- One of the shoulder blades is more prominent.
- The back appears asymmetrical when bent over.
- Clothes look ill-fitting or hang unevenly.
- Back pain, especially in adults with degenerative scoliosis.
When Should Scoliosis Be Treated?
Not all scoliosis requires surgery. Treatment will depend on the patient's age, the degree of spinal curvature, and the risk of the curvature worsening.
A doctor may recommend treatment if:
- The curvature of the spine increases.
- Causes pain that interferes with activities.
- Body posture is increasingly asymmetrical.
- Disturbing balance or ability to walk.
- Causes lung or heart dysfunction in severe cases.
Therapy options can include regular monitoring, physiotherapy, use of a brace for children who are still growing, or surgery if there are certain medical indications.
Why Should Scoliosis Be Detected Early?
In children and adolescents, the spine continues to grow, so the curvature can worsen if left unchecked. In adults, scoliosis can cause chronic pain and interfere with daily activities.
The sooner scoliosis is detected, the greater the chance of preventing the curvature from worsening and maintaining spinal function without more complex procedures.
Don't Ignore Changes in Spine Shape
Misaligned shoulders, a sloping back, or a prominent spine aren't always caused by poor posture. These conditions can be signs of scoliosis, which requires further evaluation.
If you or your child experiences changes in the shape of your spine, recurring back pain, or increasingly asymmetrical posture, consult an orthopedic spine specialist immediately. Early examination can help determine the most appropriate treatment, so you can control the spinal curvature and maintain your quality of life.
Article written by Dr. Jephtah Tobing, MD, B.Med.Sci (Hons), Sp.OT (K-Spine) (Orthopedic & Traumatology Specialist, Spine Consultant at EMC Alam Sutera Hospital & EMC Grha Kedoya).